Umqondo wamanje kagesi

Ku-Electromagnetism, inani likagesi elidlula kunoma yisiphi isigaba sesiphambano somqhubi wesifundo ngeyunithi ngayinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi ubukhulu, noma kumanje njengamanje. Uphawu lwamanje yimi, futhi iyunithi yi-ampere (a), noma umane "(a" (André-Marie Ampère, ngo-1775-1836, i-International Physistics, i-International Phrownist of Electromangnetic and Physics.
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[2] ngogesi, kuchazwe ukuthi ukuqondiswa kokugeleza okuqondayo kwamacala amahle kuwukuqondisa kwamanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-Engineering, ukuqondiswa kokugeleza okuqondile kwamacala amahle kusetshenziswa futhi njengokuqondisa kwamanje. Ubukhulu besikhathi samanje buvezwa yi-Quja ye-Q Ukugeleza ngengxenye yesiphambano yomqhubi wesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye, ebizwa ngokuthi ubukhulu bamanje.
[3] Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezithwali emvelweni eziphethe ugesi. Isibonelo: Ama-elektroni ashukumisayo kubaqhubi, ama-outuka kuma-electrolyte, ama-elektroni nama-ions nge-plasma, kanye nama-quark kuma-hadrons. Ukuhamba kwalezi zithwali kwakha amanga kagesi.