Umehluko phakathi kukagesi wesigaba esisodwa, ugesi wesigaba ezimbili, kanye nogesi wesigaba ezintathu

Ugesi wesigaba esisodwa kanye nogesi wesigaba ezimbili kuyizindlela ezimbili ezahlukene zokuphakelwa kwamandla, futhi kukhona umehluko osobala phakathi kwazo ngesimo kanye ne-voltage yokudlulisa amandla.

Ugesi wesigaba esisodwa ubhekisela ohlotsheni lokudluliselwa kwamandla oluqukethe umugqa wesigaba esisodwa kanye nomugqa owodwa ongathathi hlangothi. Umugqa wesigaba, owaziwa nangokuthi intambo ephilayo, unikeza amandla kumthwalo, kuyilapho umugqa ongathathi hlangothi usebenza njengendlela yamandla okubuya. I-voltage kagesi wesigaba esisodwa ingama-volts angu-220, okuyi-voltage phakathi komugqa wesigaba kanye nomugqa ongathathi hlangothi.

Ezindaweni zasekhaya nasehhovisi, ugesi wesigaba esisodwa uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuphakelwa kwamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphakelwa kwamandla kwesigaba ezimbili kuyisekethe yokuphakelwa kwamandla equkethe imigqa emibili yesigaba, ebizwa ngokuthi ugesi wesigaba ezimbili. Kugesi wesigaba ezimbili, i-voltage phakathi kwemigqa yesigaba ibizwa ngokuthi i-line voltage, ngokuvamile engama-volts angu-380.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-voltage kagesi wesigaba esisodwa iyi-voltage ephakathi komugqa wesigaba nomugqa ongathathi hlangothi, obizwa ngokuthi i-phase voltage. Ezimbonini nakwezinye izinto zasekhaya, njengemishini yokushisela, ugesi wesigaba ezimbili usetshenziswa kabanzi.

Ngamafuphi, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kukagesi wesigaba esisodwa nogesi wesigaba ezimbili uhlobo kanye ne-voltage yokudlulisa amandla. Ugesi wesigaba esisodwa uqukethe umugqa wesigaba esisodwa kanye nomugqa owodwa ongathathi hlangothi, ofanelekela izindawo zasekhaya nasehhovisi, kanti i-voltage ingu-220 volts. Ukunikezwa kukagesi kwesigaba ezimbili kuqukethe imigqa emibili yesigaba, efanelekile embonini kanye nezinto ezithile zasendlini, ene-voltage engu-380 volts.

Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kwesigaba esisodwa: ngokuvamile kubhekisela kunoma yimuphi umugqa wesigaba (owaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi intambo ephilayo) + umugqa ongathathi hlangothi kugesi we-AC wesigaba sesithathu wezintambo ezine ze-380V, i-voltage ingu-220V, umugqa wesigaba uzokhanya uma ulinganiswa ngepeni kagesi elijwayelekile elinomthamo ophansi, futhi umugqa ongathathi hlangothi ngeke ukhanye. Ungumthombo wamandla ovame kakhulu empilweni yansuku zonke. Isigaba esisodwa yinoma yimuphi umugqa wesigaba ezigabeni ezintathu kuya kumugqa ongathathi hlangothi. Ngokuvamile ubizwa ngokuthi “intambo ephilayo” kanye “nentambo engathathi hlangothi”. Ngokuvamile kubhekisela ku-220V, 50Hz AC. I-voltage yesigaba esisodwa ibizwa nangokuthi “i-voltage yesigaba” kubunjiniyela kagesi.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla esigaba esithathu: Ukunikezwa kwamandla okwakha okwakhiwa ngama-AC potential amathathu anemvamisa efanayo, ubukhulu obulinganayo, kanye nomehluko wesigaba sama-degrees angu-120 kubizwa ngokuthi ukunikezwa kwamandla e-AC esigaba esithathu. Kukhiqizwa yijeneretha ye-AC yesigaba esithathu. I-AC yesigaba esisodwa esetshenziswa empilweni yansuku zonke inikezwa yisigaba esisodwa sokunikezwa kwamandla e-AC esigaba esithathu. Ukunikezwa kwamandla e-AC yesigaba esisodwa okukhiqizwa yijeneretha yesigaba esisodwa akuvamile ukusetshenziswa.

Izintambo ezintathu ze-transformer yemitha ye-watt-hour yesigaba esisodwa
Umehluko phakathi kokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kwesigaba esisodwa kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kwesigaba ezintathu ukuthi amandla akhiqizwa yijeneretha ayizigaba ezintathu, futhi isigaba ngasinye sokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kwesigaba ezintathu kanye nephuzu laso elingathathi hlangothi kungakha isekethe yesigaba esisodwa ukuze kuhlinzekwe amandla kagesi kubasebenzisi. Kalula nje, ugesi wesigaba ezintathu unezintambo zesigaba ezintathu (izintambo ezibukhoma) kanye nentambo eyodwa engathathi hlangothi (noma intambo engathathi hlangothi), futhi ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa izintambo zesigaba ezintathu kuphela. Ngokwezinga laseShayina, i-voltage phakathi kwezintambo zesigaba ingu-380 volts AC, kanti i-voltage phakathi kwezintambo zesigaba kanye nezintambo ezingathathi hlangothi ingu-220 volts AC. Ugesi wesigaba esisodwa unocingo olulodwa olubukhoma kanye nentambo eyodwa engathathi hlangothi, kanti i-voltage phakathi kwazo ingu-220 volts AC. I-alternating current yesigaba ezintathu iyinhlanganisela yamaqembu amathathu e-alternating currents yesigaba esisodwa ene-amplitude elinganayo, imvamisa elinganayo, kanye nomehluko wesigaba esingu-120°. Ugesi wesigaba esisodwa uyinhlanganisela yanoma iyiphi intambo yesigaba kanye nentambo engathathi hlangothi kugesi wesigaba ezintathu.

Isivikelo Sokuvuza Esihlakaniphile saseNan-Dou-Xing (Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Okuhlakaniphile)
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuqhathanisa lezi ezimbili? I-AC yesigaba sesithathu inezinzuzo eziningi kune-AC yesigaba esisodwa. Inezinzuzo ezisobala ekukhiqizeni amandla, ekudluliseni nasekusabalaliseni, kanye nokuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi abe amandla omshini. Isibonelo, ukukhiqizwa kwamajeneretha esigaba sesithathu nama-transformer kusindisa izinto uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwamajeneretha esigaba esisodwa nama-transformer anomthamo ofanayo, futhi isakhiwo silula futhi ukusebenza kuhle kakhulu. Isibonelo, umthamo wemoto yesigaba sesithathu eyenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo mkhulu ngo-50% kunowemoto yesigaba esisodwa. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokudlulisa amandla afanayo, umugqa wokudlulisa wesigaba sesithathu ungasindisa u-25% wezinsimbi ezingezona i-ferrous uma kuqhathaniswa nomugqa wokudlulisa wesigaba esisodwa, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kuncane kunomugqa wokudlulisa wesigaba esisodwa.